AcreageLife August 2025 | Page 20

Horse Sense Preserving History
Horse Sense Preserving History

Legacy Breeds Face Crisis

A Spotlight on The Livestock Conservancy

A small black Newfoundland pony stands in a horse pen.
In the United States many horse breeds are thriving with strong populations and ample genetic diversity, but certain breeds( especially draft and pony breeds) have struggled due to a variety of factors. TLC seeks to highlight these breeds and raise awareness of their merits, attributes, history and plight.
In 2025, the Conservation Priority List recognized three groups of horses: North American breeds, breeds imported before 1900 and breeds imported after 1900. Here’ s a look at the breeds included in each group.
North American Breeds
This year, there are 16 breeds listed in this group, most of which are currently listed as being critical. These
Donkeys
It’ s worth noting that three distinct donkey breeds also appear on the 2025 Conservation Priority List.
One North American breed, the American Mammoth Jackstock is listed as critical and that breed has a long history in the United States( George Washington is credited with influencing the breed).
Additionally, two breeds imported after 1900 are listed, including the Poitou, a French donkey breed that is listed as critical, and the adorable Miniature Donkey, which is listed on the
The Poitou donkey, a French breed is listed as critical.
watch list. Although the population of Miniature Donkeys in the United States is strong, numbers have decreased globally.
include the American Cream Draft, the Canadian horse and the Newfoundland pony, along with several Spanish horse breeds such as the Santa Cruz and the colonial Spanish.
Additionally, two breeds are currently listed as threatened: the Rocky Mountain Horse and the Puerto Rican Paso Fino. The Belgian is the only breed currently listed as recovering.
By Samantha Johnson

The Livestock Conservancy( TLC) is an organization with a simple but highly important mission: to protect America’ s endangered livestock and poultry breeds from extinction. As a major part of their conservation efforts, TLC releases an annual Conservation Priority List( CPL) that highlights livestock breeds with dwindling populations that may be in danger of extinction. On this list, TLC categorizes many types of livestock including cattle, ducks, goats, rabbits, sheep, chickens and— of course— horses.

To be included on the CPL, breeds must meet certain genetic and numerical parameters based on population and the number of animals born each year. The breeds on the list are then categorized into the following categories: critical, threatened, watch, recovering and study.
Eventually, if conservation practices are successful, the population of these endangered breeds increases to the point that the breed can officially“ graduate” off of the CPL and it is no longer considered endangered.
When it comes to preserving rare horse and livestock breeds, understanding how conservation status is classified can help guide breeding decisions, support programs and public awareness.
The Livestock Conservancy uses five primary categories to track the stability and risk levels of heritage breeds in the U. S. and around the world. Each
category reflects population size, registration number and genetic concerns:
Critical
• Fewer than 2,000 animals worldwide.
• Fewer than 200 annual U. S. registrations.
Threatened
• Fewer than 5,000 animals worldwide.
• Fewer than 1,000 annual U. S. registrations.
Watch
• Fewer than 10,000 animals worldwide.
• Fewer than 2,500 annual U. S. registrations.
• May also include breeds with limited geographic range or genetic concerns.
Recovering
• Formerly listed in a more at-risk category.
• Now exceed“ Watch” population thresholds.
• Still require continued monitoring.
According to The Livestock Conservancy, an estimated 300 livestock breeds worldwide have gone extinct in the past 15 years. However, in the 40 years since the organization began issuing its Conservation Priority List, none of the breeds added to the list have been lost to extinction. By bringing attention to these endangered breeds, TLC has inspired breeders to act in preserving and protecting heritage animals— efforts that have helped boost populations in North America and support biodiversity for the future.

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